Electric regulation.



J. L. CREVEHNG.

ELECTRIC REGULATWN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE H. 1910.

'i ,1$&459a Patented NOV 39, 1915.

wiry-5885s INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT omen.

JOHN L. CREVELING, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.,

ASSIGNOR TO SAFETY CAR HEATING AND LIGHTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW' JERSEY.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

Specification of Letters Patent. I

Patented N v. 30, 1915.

Application filed June 11, 1910. Serial No. 566,310.

thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of electric regulation in which it, is desired to automatically govern an electric circuit in a predetermined manner.

My invention has for its particular object to provide means whereby the voltage upon a circuit, or the current in a circuit, may be automatically goxerned in such manner as to be held constant throughout wide changes which may take place at the source from which said circuit is fed or throughout changes in load.

A further object of my invention is to provide a means capable of performing these functions quickly and precisely with out the necessity of delicate and complicated mechanism,

' As my invention is particularly applicable to a system wherein a generator is used to charge a storage battery and operate lamps or other translating devices in which it,-is. desired to hold a constant voltage upon the lamps or translating devices, it will be described with reference to such a system.

The drawing is a diagrammatic view of one typeof such a system employing my invention.

In the drawing 1 represents a dynamo or generator from which the positive lead or main 2 is carried to the storage battery 3 and one side of the lamps or translating devices 4'. The other side of the translating devices 4: is connected with a lead 'or main 5 which is carried to the regulator 6 from which return is made by lead 7 to one side ofthe storage battery 3 and the generator 1. Thecurrent, in passing through the regulator 6, my," be considered asentering the conducting piate 8 carried upon a suitable backboard or plate 9 made of wood or other insulating material. Again; the conducting -member 8 there is placed a series of carbon disks 10 which may be held in place as by insulating rods 11. The conducting member or disk 12 is placed against the last carbon disk so as to form contact therewith and is 55 carried by the insulating bushing 13 engaging the screw 14: carried by the arm 15 at tached to the movable armature 16 which is held in place by the rod 17 of brass or other non-magnetic material and free. to slide thereon. The rod 17 is fitted into the magnet core 18 carried by the plate 9 as by means of screw 19.

20 represents a spiral spring tending to- 16 away from the frame move the armature or core 18 and the limit of travel which the spring may give the said armature may be governed as by the nuts 21 upon the rod 17. The conducting member 12 is connected as by wire 22 with the conducting member 23 mechanically connected with the armature 16 as above described with reference to the member 12. The member 23 is in contact with one end of a file of carbon disks 2%, the other end of which makes contact with the conducting member 25 which is in com- 'munication with the lead 7.

26 represents a winding, one end of which is connected with themain 5 as by wire 27 and the other end of which is connected with the lead 2 as by wire 28 and resistance 29, and it will be obvious that energization of this winding will tend to attract the annature 16 so as to compress the carbon piles 10 and 24 and lessen the resistance thereof, while weakening of said eriergization will lessen the pressure upon the said piles and cause their resistance to be increased.

30 represents a winding upon the core 18, one end of which is connected to the wire 28 as shown and the other end carried as by wire 31 to one side of an inductance 32 from which the said wire continues to one side of the carbon pile 33-carried upon an insulating support 34% and having its other side in contact with the conducting member 35 carried as by adjusting screw 36 in the bushing 37 of the yoke 38. The screw 36 is electrically connected with the scr'ew 39 carried by the bushing 40 in the yoke 38 as by wire 66. The screw 39 carries the conducting member 41 in contact with one end of the carbon pile 42, the other'end of which is connected as by wire 43 with the wire 27, Thus, the winding 30 having in series therewith the inductance 32 and the carbon piles 33 and 42, is. placed in shunt across the winding 26 and I wind the bobbin 30 in a reverse direction to the windings of 26 in such manner that current shunted away from 26 through the winding 30 will not only weaken the will depend upon the resistanceof the piles of carbon disks 33 and 42 which in turn will depend upon the pressure applied to the same which is governed by the operatlng mechanism constituting whatmight be called a pilot for the regulator 6.

The frame 44 carrying the insulating support 34 is'preferably of magnetic material as, for example, iron and is provided with an extending arm 45 having a depending leaf spring 46 whichcarries the brass rod 47 upon which are threaded adjusting nuts 48. The yoke 38 is held against the go nuts 48 as by means of spring 49 carried upon the rod 47 and it upon the rod 47 will .compress'the independent piles of carbon disks 33 and 42 and that the pressure will be substantially equal upon the said movement which the yoke 38 may have against the nuts 48 when constructed as -shown. The rod 47 is attached to one end fof the core 50, the other end of which is attached to the brass rod 51'carried by the 'link 52 pivotally supported upon the arm 53 carriedby the frame 44.

54 is a rodfas'tened to the frame 44 and passing through the opening in the link 52.

J 55 is a compression spring threaded upon the rod 54 and held thereon as by adjusting -nut156 in such manner as to tend to swing the- -linki52 so as to move the core 50 in a defthanded direction andthus lessen the co'mpressionlupon the carbon piles 33 and 42. The limit oftravel which the said spring may give to the core 50 may be ad- :justed as by the screw '57 carried by the link 52 and adapted to strike the post 58 carried 'by'the member 44. i :59 is a hollow plug of iron or other magnetic material threaded into the frame 44 and locked in a fixed position as by means of jam nut 60. The plug is counter-bored so as to leave sufficient clearance for the rod 51' and it will be obvious that by moving the plug 59 theair gap between the same and the core50may be readily adjusted. {61;is a-Jorasssleeve surrounding the core '55 '50 and carrying thereupon the windings 62 which-are shown as in shunt across the translation circuit as by wire 63 andresistance 64 and Wire 65.

' The operation of through thebattery' in an obvious manner and to, the lamps or translating devices and e5 return to the generator from the lamps or is obvious that pullpilesowing to the rocking through the j my invention is sub- \,60 stantlally as follows: If we consider the bon pile 10, wire 22, carbon or translating devices will depend upon the resistance of the carbon piles 10 and 24 which in turn will depend upon the pressure exerted upon the same by the magnet 1-826 attracting the armature-16. (Jurrent will flow from the lead 2 through resistance 29, wire 28, winding 26 and wire 27 to themain 5 and thus energize the electromagnet 18-26and attract the armature 16 and tend to decrease the resistance 24 to a minimum. Current will also tend to flow from wire 28 through the winding 30, wire 31, inductance 32, carbon pile 33, wire 66, carbon pile 42 and wire 43 to wire 27 and any current flowing in this circuit will tend to cut down the current in the bobbin 26 as this circuit is in shunt to the said bobbin 26 and both are in series with the resistance 29. Further, the magnetic efiect of the coil 30 is opposed to that of thecoil 26. The

weakening effect of current in this circuit will, of course, depend upon the resistance of the carbon piles 33 and 42 and, therefore, the resistance in circuit in the; translation pile24 and lead 7. Therefore, the voltage upon the lamps circuit will depend upon the pressure imposed upon the said carbonpiles 33' and 42. Current will also flow from the lead 2 resistance ,64, wire 63, winding 62 and wire 65 to the main 5 and this will tend to drawthe core 50 in a right-handed direction against the action of spring 55 and compress the carbon piles 33 and 42 so as to decrease the resistance thereof and thereby lessen the pressure upon the carbon piles 10' and 24 and lower the voltage upon the" lamps or translation circuit which, of course, will also lower -the voltage across the winding 62. Therefore, the regulator, by proper adjustment, may be made to hold the voltage upon the lamp circuit substantially constant throughout changes in voltage across the generator for, if the generator voltage rise so as to cause an appreciable rise in voltage across the translation circuit,

the coil 62 will cause the carbon piles. 33 and 42 to becompressed and the resistance of the carbon piles 10 and 24 to be increased "and the voltage on the translation circuit upon the carbon piles 33 and 42 and their resistance will be increased in such'manner as toallow the winding26 to increase the pull upon the armature l6 and increase the pressure upon the carbon piles 1'0 and 24 to decrease the resistance in thetranslation circuit so as to tend to hold the voltage thereon constant. If these changes take place very suddenly and if neither of the .moving parts for compressing the respective carbon piles be provided .witlrdash-pots or r other retarding means, the regulator will have a tendency to hunt in a well-known manner. To avoid this, the inductance 32 is inserted in the Wire 31 so that no matter how quickly the carbon piles 33 and 42 may have their resistance changed, there will always be an appreciable time element in the current changes in the bobbins 26 and 30' owing to the action of the inductance. This serves to prevent' any rapid hunting due to sudden changes as the two parts of the regulator-that is, the regulator 6 and the pilot or relay for the same, soon have their mutual relations adjusted.

- Whenthe carbon piles 33 and 42 are un der very slight compression a slight difference in the pressure applied thereto Will cause a considerable difierenc'e in theirresistance. However, when they are under heavier pressure a considerably greater change in the pressure applied thereto is required to cause a like difierence'in re sistance. Therefore, as the pressure upon the piles 33' and 42 increases, in order to hold the voltage upon the translation circuit constant, it is advantageous that the -to the core pull exerted by the Winding 62 shall increase per unit of change in the translation circuit voltage. This I adjustment of the plug justedthat the air gap plug and the core 56 is so varied by the movement of the core in the compr ssion of the piles 33 and that the pull caused .by the coil 62 shall be increased as much as desired by the ai iproach of the core 50 to the plug that is, the ratio of reduction of the air gap per unit of motion given 50 may be readily adjusted as desired, Further, in order that the inertia of the moving core 50 and other nected'therewith shall not cause the regulator to be sluggish or on sudden changes cause the momentum of the parts to vary accomplish by the 59 Wl110l1 is so adbetween the said the resistance of the carbon piles beyond that due to the truechange of the magnetomotive force in the coil 62, I makethe travel necessary to be given the core 50 very small by'dividing up the carbon piles operated thereby into a number of groups. In the present system shown in the drawing I have shown two carbon piles 33 and 42 but in practice I find it convenient and advantageous to use a greater number and thus reduce the motion of the core 50 and cause the piles to approach more nearly a true pressure change of resistance rather than one due to motion-that is, the carbon piles approach more nearly the qualities'of a non-elastic solid having its electrical re sistance changed by pressure changes Without motion. It will be obvious that my invention may be used for the control of curthe voltage coil 62 a current coil in series parts coni with the circuit to be governed in an obvious manner.

I do not Wish in any Way to limit myself to the exact details of construction shown in the accompanying drawing Whichis merely a diagrammatic representation of one type of system embodying my invention and it is obvious that Wide changes may be made and still Within the scope of said invention.

Having thus described my invention that Which I consider novel and desire to protect by Letters Patent is as set forth in the following claims:

1. The circuit and means for supplying current thereto, of a regulator for said circuit, electromagnetic means for operating said regulator, a regulating circuit including means for controlling said electromagnetic means comprising a resistance varying element, the resistance oi which varies With pressure applied thereupon *and electromagnetic means acting directly to apply pressure thereupon, together With means acted upon by the regulating circuit to prevent sudden changes in the regulator.

2. The combination, With a translation circuit and means for supplying current thereto, of a regulator for said circuit adapted 'to govern the voltage thereof, electromagnetic means for later and means for controlling the said electromagnetic means comprising a resistance varying element, the resistance of which varies with the pressure applied thereupon and electromagnetic means act ing directly to apply pressure thereupon, together With an inductance device in circuit With the controlling means to prevent sudden changes of the regulating current.

3. The circuit and means for supplying current thereto, or" a regulator for said circuit, means for operating said regulator, means for controlling said regulator, and means in circuit with the controlling means for preventing sudden changes in the regulator.

4. The combination with a translation circuit, means for supplying current thereto, of a regulator for said circuit, electromagnetic means for operating said regulator, and means for controlling said electromagnetic means comprising other electromagnetic means and an inductance device in circuit therewithl 5. The combination With a translation circuit and means for supplying current thereto, of a regulator for said circuit,

means for operating the said regulator, andcombination with a translationoperating said regul circuit and means for supplying cun'rei'n'v and an inductance device in circuit with thereto, of a regulator for szud cn'cnlt, e ec seld second named magnet-1'0 means, and

tromagnetic means fol" operating saidre gnmeans for affecting said resistance element. Isl-tor, and means for controlling sand elec- JOHN L. CREVELING.

51 tromagne'tie means comprising eiectrmnag- Vitnesses;

I netlc means 1n multlple wlth the first elec- 'G. HALL,

tromagnenc means, a resls'tance element, M. HERSKOVITZ.

Copies of this patent may be bbtained for five cents each, by addressing the Gommi'ssioner of Patents, Washington, I). O. Y 

